How to Cite Something in APA Without an Author
When citing sources in APA format, it is generally required to include the author’s name in the reference list. However, there are instances where an author may not be specified, such as in government publications, reports, or online sources. In such cases, it is essential to follow the APA guidelines for citing without an author. This article will provide a step-by-step guide on how to cite something in APA without an author.
1. Start with the Title
The first element in the reference list entry is the title of the source. If the source is a book, journal article, or website, use the title as it appears on the source. For reports or other types of publications, use the title provided by the organization or institution.
2. Include the Publisher or Sponsor
Next, include the name of the publisher or sponsor of the source. This is particularly important when citing government publications or reports. If the publisher or sponsor is not specified, you can use the name of the organization or institution that produced the source.
3. Provide the Publication Date
The publication date is a crucial element in APA citations. Include the year of publication, followed by the month and day if available. If the exact date is not known, use the year only.
4. Specify the Source Type
APA format requires you to indicate the source type in the reference list entry. For example, if you are citing a journal article, use the abbreviation “J.” for “Journal.” If the source is a report, use “R.” for “Report.”
5. Include the URL or DOI
For online sources, include the URL or DOI (Digital Object Identifier) in the reference list entry. The URL is the web address of the source, while the DOI is a unique identifier for the source that can be used to locate it.
Example:
Report
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2019). National health statistics reports: Health, United States, 2018 (No. 628). https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/hus/hus18.pdf
Journal Article
Smith, J. (2019). The impact of climate change on coastal communities. Journal of Coastal Research, 35(3), 845-855. https://doi.org/10.2112/JCOASTRES-D-18-00302.1
Remember to format your in-text citations accordingly
When citing a source without an author in your text, use the title of the source in parentheses. If the title is long, you can use the first few words followed by an ellipsis (…).
Example:
According to the National Health Statistics Reports (2019), the number of individuals with diabetes has increased significantly (Smith, 2019).
By following these guidelines, you can successfully cite sources in APA format without an author. Always refer to the latest edition of the APA Publication Manual for the most up-to-date information on citation rules.
